Specifically, she was born in (also known as Letitchev), a town in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast of Western Ukraine.

In the 19th century, Letychiv was part of the Russian Empire’s Pale of Settlement—a region where Jewish life was vibrant yet legally restricted. It was a typical shtetl environment of wooden houses, winding rivers, and deep religious tradition. It was also the last place one might expect a future gender-bending stage icon to emerge. Yet, it was precisely this friction of tradition versus turmoil that produced so much great Yiddish art. Pepi Litman was not a drag king in the modern sense, nor was she a comedic "trouser role" like some opera stars. She was a male impersonator —a specialized and highly skilled art form where a female performer adopts masculine mannerisms, voice, and attire to play male characters seriously and compellingly.

Audiences flocked to see her play male leads opposite female actresses. For women in the audience, she represented a safe, non-threatening masculinity. For men, she was a puzzle. For everyone, she was pure talent. Pepi Litman’s career cannot be separated from tragedy. She was a contemporary of the great Abraham Goldfaden, the "father of Yiddish theater." But when the Russian Empire began cracking down on Yiddish performances (banning them in 1883), Litman, like many of her peers, fled.

When we talk about the golden age of Yiddish theater, names like Thomashefsky, Adler, and Jacobi usually dominate the conversation. But lurking in the wings—or rather, striding confidently to center stage in a perfectly tailored suit—was one of the most fascinating and rebellious figures of the era: Pepi Litman .